Learn C# Programming from Scratch – Complete Beginner’s Introduction - Textnotes

Learn C# Programming from Scratch – Complete Beginner’s Introduction

C# (pronounced "C-Sharp") is a modern, general-purpose, object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft as part of the .NET platform. It is designed for building a variety of applications, including web, desktop, mobile, and games, and has features that support multiple programming paradigms, such as strong typing, inheritance, and exception handling.

What Is C#?

C# (pronounced “C Sharp”) is a modern, object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft.

It runs on the .NET platform, which allows you to build:

  1. Desktop applications (Windows Forms, WPF)
  2. Web applications (ASP.NET)
  3. Mobile apps (Xamarin / .NET MAUI)
  4. Games (Unity)
  5. Cloud and IoT apps


Key Features of C#

  1. Object-Oriented – Uses classes and objects.
  2. Type-Safe – Prevents type errors (e.g., mixing strings and integers).
  3. Component-Oriented – Supports modular, reusable code.
  4. Interoperable – Works with other .NET languages like VB.NET and F#.
  5. Modern and Powerful – Includes automatic memory management (Garbage Collection), async programming, LINQ, and more.


A Simple C# Program

Here’s the simplest “Hello, World!” program:

using System;

class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("Hello, World!");
}
}

Explanation:

  1. using System; → Imports the System namespace (contains basic classes like Console).
  2. class Program → Defines a class named Program.
  3. static void Main() → Entry point of the application.
  4. Console.WriteLine() → Prints text to the console.


How to Run a C# Program

You can run C# code using:

  1. Visual Studio (recommended IDE)
  2. Visual Studio Code with the C# extension
  3. Online compilers (like .NET Fiddle or Replit)
  4. Command line with the .NET SDK:
dotnet new console -o MyApp
cd MyApp
dotnet run