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What is a Constructor?

• A constructor is a special method used to initialize objects.
• It has the same name as the class and no return type.

Syntax:

    
    class ClassName {
        ClassName() {
            // constructor code
        }
    }
    
    

Example:

    
    class Car {
        String brand;

        // Constructor
        Car() {
            brand = "Tesla";
        }

        void display() {
            System.out.println(brand);
        }
    }

    public class Main {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Car myCar = new Car();  // Constructor is called automatically
            myCar.display();
        }
    }
    
    

Output:

    
    Tesla
    
    

Types of Constructors

Type	Meaning
Default Constructor	No parameters
Parameterized Constructor	Accepts parameters

Example of Parameterized Constructor:

    
    class Student {
        String name;
        int rollNo;

        // Parameterized Constructor
        Student(String n, int r) {
            name = n;
            rollNo = r;
        }

        void display() {
            System.out.println(name + " (" + rollNo + ")");
        }
    }

    public class Main {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Student s1 = new Student("Alice", 101);
            s1.display();

            Student s2 = new Student("Bob", 102);
            s2.display();
        }
    }
    
    

Output:

    
    Alice (101)
    Bob (102)
    
    

Difference between Method and Constructor

Feature	Method	Constructor
Purpose	Perform actions	Initialize objects
Name	Any valid name	Same as class name
Return type	Required (even void)	No return type
Called by	Explicitly	Automatically when object is created

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